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Belarusian State University (BSU) ((ベラルーシ語:Белару́скі дзяржа́ўны ўніверсітэ́т), (:bʲɛlaˈruskʲi d͡zʲarˈʒawnɨ wnʲivʲɛrsʲiˈtɛt); (ロシア語:Белору́сский госуда́рственный университе́т)), Minsk, Belarus, was founded on October 30, 1921. The BSU is a higher education establishment in the Republic of Belarus.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.bsu.by/en/main.aspx )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.4icu.org/reviews/241.htm )〕 ==History== On February 25, 1919, the Central Executive Committee of the Byelorussian SSR resolved to establish the first national university in Belarus. However, the occupation of Minsk by the Polish army delayed these plans, and the university was actually opened on October 30, 1921.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.studyinbelarus.org/index.php/universities/other-universities/belarusian-state-university/245-belarusian-state-university-history.html )〕 The historian and slavist Vladimir Picheta became its first rector. Initially the university comprised three faculties (Workers, Medicine, and Humanities) that enrolled a total of 1,390 students. The faculty included 14 professors, 49 lecturers and 10 teaching assistants, most of whom were transferred from the universities of Moscow, Kazan and Kiev. In 1922, the Pedagogical Faculty was established. The first class that counted 34 economists and 26 lawyers graduated in 1925. The university started offering post-graduate programs in 1927. Construction of the campus was started in the fall of the same year. In 1928, the university actively participated in the creation of the Institute of Belarusian Culture that was later reorganized into the Belarusian Academy of Sciences. By 1930, the university consisted of 6 faculties: Workers, Medicine, Pedagogical, National Economy, Law and Soviet Development, Chemical Technology. The faculty and staff has expanded to include 49 professors, 51 assistant professors, 44 lecturers, and over 300 research personnel. In May 1931, the People's Commissariat for Education of the Byelorussian SSR decided to reorganize some faculties of Belarusian State University into new establishments of higher education: the Minsk Medical Institute, the Higher Pedagogical Institute, the Institute of National Economy, the Belarusian Polytechnic Institute, and the Minsk Institute of Law (reintegrated into Belarusian State University as the Faculty of Law in 1955). In 1941 the university consisted of 6 Faculties: Chemistry, Physics and Mathematics, Biology, History, Geography, and Languages. There was also a Workers Faculty that provided part-time education to full-time employees of factories and plants, as well as special part-time Polish- and Yiddish-language sections. The university enrolled 1337 undergraduate and 60 graduate students; the faculty included 17 professors, 41 assistant professors and over 90 lecturers. After Minsk was occupied by Nazi Germany in June 1941, some students and academic staff were evacuated to the east, but over 450 joined the Soviet Army or partisan brigades. During World War II several university buildings were destroyed, while others were used by the Germans as hospitals and offices. In May 1943, Belarusian State University was re-opened in the town of Skhodnya, 12 km northwest of Moscow. Equipment, textbooks, teaching aids, and around 18,000 volumes of scientific literature were donated to the university by the higher education establishments of Moscow. In October 1943, around 300 students were enrolled. The university relocated back to Minsk in the summer of 1944 and classes resumed. A monument to the students, faculty, and staff who died in World War II was opened on campus in 1975. In 1949, the university was named after Vladimir Lenin to commemorate the 30th anniversary of the Byelorussian SSR. The pre-war research facilities were mostly restored by the early 1950s. By 1957 the university consisted of 7 faculties; the faculty counted 29 professors, 160 assistant professors, and 150 lecturers. In 1957, the prominent spectroscopist Anton Sevchenko was appointed rector of Belarusian State University. He led the university for the next 15 years and oversaw its significant expansion. In 1958, the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics was split into two, the Faculties of Physics and Mathematics. The Faculties of Journalism and Applied Mathematics were opened in 1967 and 1970, respectively. The university-operated Research Institute for Applied Physics Problems was founded in 1971. Enrollment increased rapidly, from 8,000 in 1962 to 15,000 in 1970. Construction of a new main building for the university was undertaken in 1958-1962, and new buildings of the Physics and Chemistry faculties were opened in 1966 and 1969, respectively. In 1967, the university was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labour. The expansion of Belarusian State University continued after Sevchenko's retirement. In 1975 the Faculty of Radiophysics and Electronics was split off from the Faculty of Physics, and in 1989 the Faculty of Philosophy and Economics was established. The research institutes for physico-chemical problems and nuclear problems were opened in 1978 and 1986, respectively. In 1980, a second campus was constructed on the outskirts of Minsk, near the village of Shchomyslitsa. After Belarus gained independence from the USSR in 1991, Belarusian State University was officially recognized as a leading establishment of higher education in the new nation. New faculties and institutes were created: the Faculty of International Relations (1995), the State Institute of Management and Social Technologies (2003), the Military Faculty (2003), the St. Methodius and Cyril Theological Institute (2004), the Humanities Faculty (2004); the Institute of Business and Technology Management (2006), the Confucius Institute for Sinology (2007). In 2008 the Faculty of Journalism was reorganized into the Institute of Journalism. The university also established university preparation and continuous education centers. Several new research centers were founded as well: the Centers for Particle and High Energy Physics (1993), Ozonosphere Monitoring (1997), Applied Problems in Mathematics and Computer Science (2000), and Human Problems (2000). New buildings were constructed for the Faculties of Biology, Philosophy and Social Sciences, and International Relations, the Institute of Journalism, and the university television center. In the first decade of the 21st century, monuments to a number of prominent Belarusian historical figures - Francysk Skaryna, Mikołaj Hussowczyk, Euphrosyne of Polotsk, Cyril of Turaw, Symon Budny and Wasyl Ciapiński - were erected on campus. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Belarusian State University」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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